Horizontal+Circulation

The design of horizontal circulation frequently determines the basic shape and character of the entire structure.
 * Questions about the podcast by Prof. Watanabe **
 * __What is it that the design of horizontal circulation determines? __ [[image:hc.jpg width="283" height="425" align="right"]]

1. Is that it be adequate in size. 2. Is that of directness. A good circulation plan should work well in either direction. 3. Is that points of converging traffic must be expressed. 4. Is that changes in level must be clearly expressed.
 * __ What are the four practical requirements of any horizontal circulation system mentioned in the lecture? __

The Pennsylvania Station in New York is one of the examples mentioned on the podcast because it has a spacious, broad and direct circulation. Other example was the Centrosoyus Building in Moscow in which the circulation patterns are vague and signs or direction marks would be necessary to indicate whether one should go. The las example was the Palais de Justice in Paris in which the circulation gives pattern, unity and clarity to the building as a whole.
 * __ What are the three examples (names of buildings) mentioned by Prof. Watanabe to illustrate different horizontal circulation patterns? __

Because the Horizontal Circulation is a necessary element in establishing the relationship between the parts and the whole, and between the circulation pattern itself and the general sense and form of the entire structure. Circulation, in general should give the impression that they lead to some definite place. It has to be convenient, clear and practical.
 * __ Why is the concept of Horizontal Circulation important in any urban plan or architectural design? __